Claims
What a Claim Actually Says
What a claim actually says can differ from the conclusion it invites. Separate the literal statement from its…
The full reading list
All pieces
Browse explainers on claims, sources, evidence, framing and attention. Each piece follows one question at a time and keeps its conclusions within the limits of its support.
Sources
Named Source or Firsthand Account? How to Weigh Both
Named source or firsthand account? Learn to match each source’s access and evidence to a claim, so you can judge what…
Evidence
Before the Screenshot: A Short History of the Quotation
The history of the quotation shows how excerpts lose their setting. Trace a passage to its source and decide what its…
Framing
What One Example Can—and Cannot—Prove
Learn what one example can prove, how to spot the leap from a vivid case to a broad claim, and what evidence would…
Attention
A Slower Scroll Through a Busy Feed
A slower scroll through a busy feed helps you judge whether to share, save, check or ignore a post before its urgency…
Our point of view
A claim is a starting point, not a verdict.
We look at the route from statement to support, so readers can tell what is shown, what remains uncertain and what deserves another question.